Weather and nature

Lesson 17

Weather

Title: Weather

Pronunciation: /ˈweð·ər/

Part of speech: noun

Formal or informal: Both

Countable or uncountable: Uncountable

Stress marks: ˈweð·ər

Synonym: Climate

the state of the atmosphere at a particular place and time, such as temperature

The weather is expected to be sunny tomorrow

the state of the atmosphere at a particular place and time, such as temperature

Fire

Title: Fire

Pronunciation: /ˈfaɪər/

Part of speech: noun

Formal or informal: Both

Countable or uncountable: Countable

Stress marks: ˈfaɪər

Synonym: Flames

a state, process, or instance of combustion in which fuel or other material is ignited

The fire in the fireplace kept us warm

a state, process, or instance of combustion in which fuel or other material is ignited

Hot

Title: Hot

Pronunciation: /hɒt/

Part of speech: adjective

Formal or informal: Both

Countable or uncountable: Uncountable

Stress marks: hɒt

Synonym: Warm

Opposite: Cold

having a high degree of heat or a high temperature

It’s too hot to go outside without sunscreen

having a high degree of heat or a high temperature

Cold

Title: Cold

Pronunciation: /kəʊld/

Part of speech: adjective

 Formal or informal: Both

Countable or uncountable: Uncountable

Stress marks: kəʊld

Synonym: Chilly

Opposite: Hot

having a low temperature; not warm or hot

She wore a coat because it was cold outside

having a low temperature; not warm or hot

Sun

Title: Sun

Pronunciation: /sʌn/

Part of speech: noun

Formal or informal: Both

Countable or uncountable: Uncountable

Stress marks: sʌn

Synonym: Star

Opposite: Moon

the star around which the earth orbits, providing light and heat for life on earth

The sun rose early this morning

the star around which the earth orbits, providing light and heat for life on earth

Sunny

Title: Sunny

Pronunciation: /ˈsʌn.i/

Part of speech: adjective

Formal or informal: Both

Countable or uncountable: Uncountable

Stress marks: ˈsʌn.i

Synonym: Bright

Opposite: Cloudy

characterized by bright sunlight; clear and cloudless sky

It’s a sunny day, perfect for a picnic

characterized by bright sunlight; clear and cloudless sky

Cloud

Title: Cloud

Pronunciation:/klaʊd/

Part of speech:noun

Formal or informal: both

Countable or uncountable:countable 

Stress marks: /klaʊd/

a visible mass of condensed water vapor floating in the atmosphere

the clouds blocked the sun

a visible mass of condensed water vapor floating in the atmosphere

Cloudy

Title: Cloudy

Pronunciation: /ˈklaʊ·di/

Part of speech: adjective

Formal or informal: both

Countable or uncountable: uncountable 

Stress marks: /ˈklaʊ·di/

Synonym: overcast

Opposite: sunny     

covered with clouds; overcast

the sky was cloudy all day

covered with clouds; overcast

Fog

Title: Fog

Pronunciation: /fɒɡ/

Part of speech: noun

Formal or informal: both

Countable or uncountable: uncountable

Stress marks: /fɒɡ/

Synonym: mist       

a thick cloud of tiny water droplets suspended in the atmosphere at

the fog made driving difficult

a thick cloud of tiny water droplets suspended in the atmosphere at

Foggy

Title: Foggy

Pronunciation: /ˈfɒɡ·i/

Part of speech: adjective

Formal or informal: both

Countable or uncountable: uncountable

Stress marks:/ˈfɒɡ·i/

Synonym: misty

Opposite:clear        

filled with thick fog; misty

it was a foggy morning

filled with thick fog; misty

Rain

Title: Rain

Pronunciation: /reɪn/

Part of speech:noun

Formal or informal:both

Countable or uncountable: uncountable

Stress marks: /reɪn/

Synonym: precipitation

water that falls from the clouds in drops

we canceled our plans due to the rain

water that falls from the clouds in drops

Rainy

Title: Rainy

Pronunciation: /ˈreɪ·ni/

Part of speech: adjective

Formal or informal: both

Countable or uncountable: uncountable

Stress marks: /ˈreɪ·ni/

Synonym: wet

Opposite: dry           

characterized by rain

it’s a rainy day, so bring an umbrella

characterized by rain

Moon

Title: Moon

Pronunciation: /muːn/

Part of speech: noun

Formal or informal: both

Countable or uncountable: countable

Stress marks: /muːn/

Synonym: satellite

Opposite: sun         

the natural satellite of the earth, visible at night by reflected light from the sun

the moon was full and bright

the natural satellite of the earth, visible at night by reflected light from the sun

Earth

Title: Earth

Pronunciation:* /ɜrθ/

Part of speech:* noun 

Formal or informal:* both

Countable or uncountable:* uncountable

Stress marks:* /ɜrθ/

Synonym:* world    

the planet on which we live; soil from which plants grow

we need to take care of the earth

the planet on which we live; soil from which plants grow

Sky

Title: Sky

Pronunciation:* /skaɪ/

Part of speech:* noun

Formal or informal:* both            

Countable or uncountable :* uncountable                        

Stress marks :* skaɪ            

Synonym :* heavens            

Opposite :* ground            

     

the region of the atmosphere seen from the earth; the upper atmosphere seen from an airplane

the sky was clear and blue

the region of the atmosphere seen from the earth; the upper atmosphere seen from an airplane

River

Title: River

Pronunciation :* ˈrɪv·ər

Part of speech :* noun

Formal or informal :* both

Countable or uncountable :* countable

Stress marks :* ˈrɪv·ər

Synonym :* stream         

a natural flow of water that runs through land

they went fishing by the river

a natural flow of water that runs through land

Sea

Title: Sea

Pronunciation :* siː

Part of speech :* noun

Formal or informal :* both 

Countable or uncountable :* countable

Stress marks :* siː

Synonym :* ocean Opposite :* land               

Formal or informal :* both Countable or uncountable :* countable

they went swimming in the sea

Formal or informal :* both                         Countable or uncountable :* countable

Star

Title: Star

Pronunciation :* stɑː

Part of speech :* nouN

Formal or informal :* both

Countable or uncountable :* countable

Stress marks :* stɑː

Synonym :* celestial body

a fixed luminous point in the night sky that is a large, remote incandescent body like the sun

they gazed at the stars on a clear night

a fixed luminous point in the night sky that is a large, remote incandescent body like the sun

Mountain

Title: Mountain

Pronunciation :* ˈmaʊn·tən

Part of speech :* noun

Formal or informal :* both

Countable or uncountable :* countable

Stress marks :* ˈmaʊn·tən

Synonym :* peak

Opposite :* valley               

a very high hill with a peak that is higher than the surrounding land

they climbed to the top of the mountain

a very high hill with a peak that is higher than the surrounding land

Beach

Title: Beach

Pronunciation :* biːtʃ 

Part of speech :* noun

Formal or informal :* both 

Countable or uncountable :* countable

Stress marks :* biːtʃ 

Synonym :* shore

Opposite :* inland               

an area of sand sloping down to the water of a sea, lake, or river

they spent the day at the beach

an area of sand sloping down to the water of a sea, lake, or river

Forest

Title: Forest

Pronunciation :* ˈfɔr·ɪst/ 

Part of speech :* noun

Formal or informal :* both

Countable or uncountable :* countable

Stress marks :* ˈfɔr·ɪst/

Synonym :* /jungle/wood /woodland/rainforest/timberland

Opposite :* clearing/clearing/clearing               

a large area covered chiefly with trees

they went for a hike in the forest

Island

Title: Island

Pronunciation :* ˈaɪ·lənd

Part of speech :* noun

Formal or informal :* both

Countable or uncountable :* countable

Stress marks : ˈaɪ·lənd

Synonym : isle 

Opposite : continent              

a piece of land completely surrounded by water

they took a boat to visit the island

a piece of land completely surrounded by water

Tree

Title: Tree

Pronunciation : triː   

Part of speech : noun

Formal or informal Both

Countable or uncountable countable

Stress marks :tri

Synonym :plant

Opposite :bush               

a woody perennial plant having a single usually elongate main stem generally with few branches onits

she sat under a tree to read

a woody perennial plant having a single usually elongate main stem generally with few branches onits

Flower

Title: Flower

Pronunciation : flaʊər

Part of speech : noun

Formal or informal: Both.                

Countable or uncountable :countable.                

Stress marks: flaʊər                

Synonym :bloom.                

Opposite :weed

   

The seed-bearing part of a plant, consisting of reproductive organs (stamens and carpels)

she picked some flowers from her garden

The seed-bearing part of a plant, consisting of reproductive organs (stamens and carpels)