The present tense is the root of a verb. The verb is without any endings, like what we find in the dictionary
زمان حال ساده پایهایترین شکل یک فعل است. این فعل بدون هیچگونه پسوندی است، همانطور که در دیکشنری پیدا میشود
Present simple tense is formed by the root of a verb but we have to add 's' or 'es' for the third person singular pronouns or nouns:
I work
You work
He/She/It works
We work
They work
es یا s باید به فعل he/she/it زمان حال ساده از ریشهی فعل ساخته میشود، اما برای سوم شخص مفرد
اضافه کنیم
Many verbs in English take -s to their base form to make the third-person singular form
.اضافه میکنند تا به شکل سوم شخص مفرد تبدیل شوند's 'بسیاری از افعال در انگلیسی به فرم پایه خود
eat → eats/ walk → walks/ run → runs
اگر افعال به -ch، -ss، -sh، -x یا -zz ختم شوند، '-es' اضافه میشود
watch → watches/
wash → washes/
mix → mixes
اگر افعال به یک حرف بیصدا + 'y' ختم شوند، 'y' به 'i' تبدیل میشود و سپس '-es' اضافه میشود
study → studies/
hurry → hurries
اگر افعال به یک حرف صدادار + 'y' ختم شوند، فقط '-s' اضافه میشود
pay → pays/
enjoy → enjoys
برخی افعال بیقاعده هستند
be → is/
do → does/
go → goes/
have → has
The verb to be is one of the irregular verbs in the English language. in the table below, you can see its form in the present simple tense:
Subject Be
I am
You are
He/She/It is
We are
You are
They are
در جدول زیر، شکل آن در زمان حال ساده آمده است یکی از افعال بیقاعده در زبان انگلیسی است to be فعل
For making a negative sentence, add 'do not' (don't) or 'does not' (doesn't) before the base form of verbs.
Affirmative Negative Short Form
I go to school. I do not go to school
You work. You do not work You don't work
She runs She does not run She doesn't run
To negate to be, the formula is: to be + not.
To Be Negation Short Form
I am a student I am not a student
You are a student You are not a student You aren't a student
He/she is a student He/she is not a student He/she isn't a student.
را قبل از فرم پایه فعل اضافه میکنیم 'do not' (don’t) یا 'does not' (doesn’t) برای ساختن جمله منفی
For making a yes/no question, put 'do + subject + the base form of verb' or 'Does + subject + the base form of verb' at the beginning of the sentence.
Statement Question
I run. Do you run?
You run Do you run?
He goes to school Does he go to school?
If the main verb of the sentence is 'to be', the question form is 'Be + Subject + ….)
Statement Question
I am happy Am I happy?
You are a doctor Are you a doctor?
He is nice Is he nice?
Using Present Simple to Talk about a Frequent Action
یا do + subject + the base form of verbبرای ساختن سوال بله/خیر
در ابتدای جمله قرار دهیدDoes + subject + the base form of verb
-General Facts === If you don't water your plant, it dies.
-Hobbies === I read a book in my break time at school.
-Habits === Mary goes to school everyday.
-Future Plans ===The plane leaves at 7:30 in the morning.
-State of Being ===She isn't angry anymore
حقایق عمومی==اگر به گیاه خود آب ندهید، میمیرد
سرگرمیها==در زمان استراحتم در مدرسه کتاب میخوانم
عادات==مری هر روز به مدرسه میرود
برنامههای آینده==هواپیما ساعت 7:30 صبح پرواز میکند
وضعیت احساسی==او دیگر عصبانی نیست