Computer geeks

Lesson 14

To crash

Title: To crash

Pronunciation : /tə kræʃ/  

Part of speech : verb/noun    

     Formal or informal Can be both formal and informal          

     Countable or uncountable: Countable          

     Transitive or intransitive Intransitive          

     Stress marks :tə kræʃ          

     Synonym (verb) :freeze, break down; (noun) failure, breakdown          

     Opposite (verb) :function; (noun) success          

 

(verb) : to suddenly stop working; to collide with something violently

(verb): The computer crashed while running multiple applications

(verb) : to suddenly stop working; to collide with something violently

To hack

Title: To hack

Pronunciation : /tə hæk/  

Part of speech : verb/noun  

     Formal or informal :Can be both formal and informal          

     Countable or uncountable: Countable          

     Transitive or intransitive :Transitive          

     Stress marks :tə hæk          

     Synonym (verb) :breach, infiltrate; (noun) cut, chop          

     Opposite (verb) :protect; (noun) smooth cut          

 

(verb) : to gain unauthorized access to data; to cut with rough chopping blows

(verb) The company’s website was hacked by cybercriminals.

(verb) : to gain unauthorized access to data; to cut with rough chopping blows

To import

Title: To import

Pronunciation : /tə ɪmˈpɔːt/  

Part of speech : verb/noun  

     Formal or informal :Can be both formal and informal          

     Countable or uncountable: Uncountable          

     Transitive or intransitive: Transitive          

     Stress marks :tə ɪmˈpɔːt          

     Synonym (verb) :bring in, receive; (noun) bring-in          

     Opposite :export          

 

(verb) : bring goods into a country from abroad for sale; bring data into a file

(verb) :The company imported new products from overseas

(verb) : bring goods into a country from abroad for sale; bring data into a file

To export

Title: To export

Pronunciation : /tə ˈɛkspɔːt/  

Part of speech : verb/noun       

     Formal or informal Can be both formal and informal          

     Countable or uncountable: Uncountable          

     Transitive or intransitive :Transitive          

     Stress marks: tə ˈɛkspɔːt          

     Synonym (verb) :sell abroad, ship out; (noun) shipment          

     Opposite: import          

 

(verb) : send goods to another country for sale; send data out from one program into another

(verb) The company exports its products to various international markets

(verb) : send goods to another country for sale; send data out from one program into another

Mouse pad

Title: Mouse pad

Pronunciation : /maʊs pæd/  

Part of speech : noun        

     Formal or informal Can be both formal and informal          

     Countable or uncountable: Countable             

     Stress marks: maʊs pæd          

     Synonym: mouse mat          

            

A small portable surface on which a computer mouse can be moved

She used a mouse pad to improve the movement of her mouse

A small portable surface on which a computer mouse can be moved

Processor

Title: Processor

Pronunciation : /prəˈsɛsə/  

Part of speech : noun  

     Formal or informal: Can be both formal and informal          

     Countable or uncountable: Countable          

     Stress marks: prəˈsɛsə          

     Synonym: CPU, central processinunit          

     

 

an electronic device that processes data according to instructions

The new smartphone has a faster processor than its predecessor

an electronic device that processes data according to instructions

Scanner

Title: Scanner

Pronunciation : /ˈskanə/  

Part of speech : noun  

     Formal or informal Can be both formal and informal          

     Countable or uncountable: Countable            

     Stress marks :ˈskanə          

     Synonym: digital scanner          

        

 

an electronic device that generates a digital representation of an image for data input into compute

She used a scanner to convert paper documents into digital files

an electronic device that generates a digital representation of an image for data input into compute

Geek

Title: Geek

Pronunciation : /giːk/  

Part of speech : noun  

    Formal or informal :Can be both formal and informal        

    Countable or uncountable :Countable        

    Stress marks: giːk        

    Synonym: nerd, enthusiast       

    Opposite: jock

 

An unfashionable person with an obsessive interest in technology

He’s such a geek when it comes to video games

An unfashionable person with an obsessive interest in technology

Animation

Title: Animation

Pronunciation: /ˌanɪˈmeɪʃ(ə)n/

Part of speech: noun

Formal or informal: Can be both formal and informal

Countable or uncountable: Countable

Stress marks: ˌanɪˈmeɪʃ(ə)n

Synonym: cartoon, motion picture, film

 

The technique of photographing successive drawings or positions of puppets

The animation in the movie was visually stunning

The technique of photographing successive drawings or positions of puppets

Artificial intelligence

Title: Artificial intelligence

Pronunciation: /ˌɑːtɪˈfɪʃ(ə)l ɪnˈtɛlɪdʒ(ə)ns/

Part of speech: noun

Formal or informal: Can be both formal and informal

Countable or uncountable: Uncountable

Stress marks: ˌɑːtɪˈfɪʃ(ə)l ɪnˈtɛlɪdʒ(ə)ns

Synonym: AI, machine intelligence, cognitive computing

Definition: the theory and development of computer systems able to perform tasks that normally require human intelligence, such as visual perception, speech recognition, decision-making, and translation between languages.



Example

Artificial intelligence is being used in various industries to improve efficiency

Example

Virtual

Title: Virtual

Pronunciation: /ˈvəːtʃʊəl/

Part of speech: adjective

Formal or informal: Can be both formal and informal

Countable or uncountable: Uncountable

Stress marks: ˈvəːtʃʊəl

Synonym: digital, computer-generated, simulated

Opposite: real, physical

 

not physically existing as such but made by software to appear to do so

The virtual tour allowed users to explore the museum from their own homes

not physically existing as such but made by software to appear to do so

Virtual reality

Title: Virtual reality

Pronunciation: /ˈvəːtʃʊəl riˈælɪti/

Part of speech: noun

Formal or informal: Can be both formal and informal

Countable or uncountable: Uncountable

Stress marks: ˈvəːtʃʊəl riˈælɪti

Synonym: VR, simulated reality, immersive environment

Opposite: physical reality

Definition: the computer-generated simulation of a three-dimensional image or environment

that can be interacted with in a seemingly real or physical way by a person using special

electronic equipment.

 

 

Example

The virtual reality game provided an immersive experience for the players

Example

Programming

Title: Programming

Pronunciation: /ˈprəʊɡramɪŋ/

Part of speech: noun

Formal or informal: Can be both formal and informal

Countable or uncountable: Uncountable

Stress marks: ˈprəʊɡramɪŋ

Synonym: coding, scripting, software development

 

The process of writing computer programs

Learning programming languages can open up various career opportunities in tech

The process of writing computer programs

Bug

Title: Bug

Pronunciation: /bʌg/

Part of speech: noun/verb

Formal or informal: Can be both formal and informal

Countable or uncountable: Countable (noun), countable (verb)

Transitive or intransitive: Transitive (verb)

Stress marks: bʌg (noun), bʌg (verb)

Synonym (noun): glitch, error, flaw

Synonym (verb): glitch, malfunction, crash

Opposite (noun): feature, improvement, fix

(noun): a fault or defect in a computer program, system, or machine

(noun): The developers fixed the bug in the software

(noun): a fault or defect in a computer program, system, or machine

(verb): to cause a fault or defect in a computer program, system, or machine

(verb): A recent update caused the system to bug out

To code

Title: To code

Pronunciation: /tə koʊd/

Part of speech: verb/noun

Formal or informal: Can be both formal and informal

Transitive or intransitive: Transitive (verb)

Synonym (verb): program, script, develop

Synonym (noun): cipher, encryption, symbol system

Opposite (noun): decode

 

(verb): to write code for a computer program

(verb): She learned how to code in Python

(verb): to write code for a computer program

(noun): a system of signals used to represent letters or numbers in transmitting messages

(noun): Morse code was used for long-distance communication

Command

Title: Command

Pronunciation : /kəˈmænd/  

Part of speech : noun/verb  

      Formal or informal :Can be both formal and informal         

      Countable or uncountable: Countable         

      Transitive or intransitive: Transitive         

      Stress marks :kəˈmænd        

      Synonym :directive, order         

          

 

an instruction for a computer program to perform a specific task

She entered a command into the terminal

an instruction for a computer program to perform a specific task

Instruction

Title: Instruction

Pronunciation : /ɪnˈstrʌkʃ(ə)n/  

Part of speech : noun  

      Formal or informal Can be both formal and informal         

      Countable or uncountable: Countable                 

      Stress marks ɪnˈstrʌkʃ(ə)n        

      Synonym direction, guidance         

      Opposite confusion         

 

Detailed information telling how something should be done

He followed the instruction manual to assemble the furniture

Detailed information telling how something should be done

To credit

Title: To credit

Pronunciation : /ˈdeɪtəbeɪs/  

Part of speech : noun         

      Formal or informal Can be both formal and informal         

      Countable or uncountable: Countable         

      Stress marks: ˈdeɪtəbeɪs        

      Synonym :archive, repository         

         

A structured set of data held in a computer, especially one that is accessible in various ways

The database contained information about all the employees

A structured set of data held in a computer, especially one that is accessible in various ways

Firewall

Title: Firewall

Pronunciation : /ˈfaɪəwɔːl/  

Part of speech : noun  

      Formal or informal Can be both formal and informal         

      Countable or uncountable: Countable          

      Stress marks :ˈfaɪəwɔːl        

      Synonym :security barrier, protective barrier         

         

A part of a computer system that prevents unauthorized access to or from a network

The firewall protected the network from cyber attacks

A part of a computer system that prevents unauthorized access to or from a network

Icon

Title: Icon

Pronunciation : /ˈaɪkɒn/  

Part of speech : noun    

      Formal or informal Can be both formal and informal         

      Countable or uncountable: Countable              

      Stress marks: ˈaɪkɒn        

      Synonym :symbol, image         

          

 

A symbol on a computer screen that represents a particular file, directory, window, etc

She clicked on the icon to open the application

A symbol on a computer screen that represents a particular file, directory, window, etc

Input

Title: Input

Pronunciation : /ˈɪnpʊt/  

Part of speech : noun  

      Formal or informal :Can be both formal and informal         

      Countable or uncountable: Uncountable         

      Stress marks: ˈɪnpʊt        

      Synonym :data, information         

      Opposite :output         

 

what is put in, taken in, or operated on by any process or system

The input data was used to generate the report

what is put in, taken in, or operated on by any process or system

Output

Title: Output

Pronunciation : /ˈaʊtpʊt/  

Part of speech : noun  

     Formal or informal :Can be both formal and informal          

     Countable or uncountable: Uncountable          

     Stress marks: ˈaʊtpʊt          

     Synonym: result, product          

     Opposite: input          

 

what is produced by a process or system

The output from the software was impressive

what is produced by a process or system