فهرست
Relentless
Title: Relentless
Pronunciation: /rɪˈlɛntləs/
Part of speech: adjective
Formal or informal: formal
Stress marks: /rɪˈlɛntləs
Synonym: persistent, unyielding
Opposite: merciful
oppressively constant; incessant
The relentless rain continued for days
Reliance
Title: Reliance
Pronunciation: /rɪˈlaɪəns/
Part of speech: noun
Formal or informal: formal
Countable or uncountable: uncountable
Stress marks: /rɪˈlaɪəns
Synonym: dependence, trust
Opposite: independence
Dependence on or trust in someone or something
The company’s success was due to its reliance on innovative technology
Relief
Title: Relief
Pronunciation: /rɪˈliːf/
Part of speech: noun
Formal or informal: both
Countable or uncountable: countable
Stress marks: /rɪˈliːf
Synonym: comfort, ease
Opposite: distress
A feeling of reassurance and relaxation following release from anxiety or distress
She felt a sense of relief after finishing her exams
Relish
Title: Relish
Pronunciation: /ˈrɛlɪʃ/
Part of speech: verb and noun
Definition (noun): great enjoyment
Definition (verb): enjoy greatly
Formal or informal: both
Countable or uncountable: countable (noun), N/A (verb)
Transitive or intransitive: transitive (verb)
Stress marks: /ˈrɛlɪʃ
Synonym (noun): enjoyment, pleasure
Synonym (verb): savor, enjoy
Opposite (noun): dislike
Opposite (verb): dislike
Example
(noun): “He ate the meal with great relish (verb): “She relished the opportunity to travel abroad
Remorse
Title: Remorse
Pronunciation: /rɪˈmɔːs/
Part of speech: noun
Formal or informal: formal
Countable or uncountable: uncountable
Stress marks: /rɪˈmɔːs
Synonym: regret, guilt
Opposite: satisfaction
Deep regret or guilt for a wrong committed
He felt remorse for his actions and apologized
Render
Title: Render
Pronunciation: /ˈrɛndə/
Part of speech: verb and noun
Definition (noun): a first coat of plaster applied to a brick or stone surface.
Definition (verb): provide or give (a service, help, etc.)
Formal or informal: formal
Countable or uncountable: countable (noun), N/A (verb)
Transitive or intransitive: transitive (verb)
Stress marks: /ˈrɛndə
Synonym (noun): plaster, coating
Synonym (verb): provide, give
Opposite (noun): roughcast
Opposite (verb): withhold
Example
(noun): “The render on the wall was smooth and even (verb): “He rendered assistance to those in need
Renewable
Title: Renewable
Pronunciation: /rɪˈnjuːəb(ə)l/
Part of speech: adjective
Formal or informal: formal
Stress marks: /rɪˈnjuːəb(ə)l
Synonym: sustainable, replenishable
Opposite: nonrenewable
Able to be restored or replenished; sustainable
Solar power is a renewable source of energy
Renewal
Title: Renewal
Pronunciation: /rɪˈnjuːəl/
Part of speech: noun
Formal or informal: formal
Countable or uncountable: countable
Stress marks: /rɪˈnjuːəl
Synonym: extension, continuation
Opposite: expiration
The action of extending the period of validity of a license, subscription, or contract.
The renewal of her passport was a priority before her trip
Renowned
Title: Renowned
Pronunciation: /rɪˈnaʊnd/
Part of speech: adjective
Formal or informal: formal
Stress marks:/rɪˈnaʊnd
Synonym:famous, celebrated
Opposite :obscure
known or talked about by many people; famous
The restaurant is renowned for its delicious seafood dishes
Reproach
Title: Reproach
Pronunciation :/rɪˈprəʊtʃ/
Part of speech :noun and verb
Definition(noun) :the expression of disapproval or disappointment
Definition(verb) :address someone in such a way as to express disapproval
Formal or informal :formal
Countable or uncountable :countable(noun),N/A(verb)
Transitive or intransitive :transitive(verb)
Stress marks :/rɪˈprəʊtʃ
Synonym(noun) :disapproval, criticism
Synonym(verb) :rebuke, scold
Opposite(noun) :praise
Opposite(verb) :praise
Example
(noun) :”His eyes were filled with reproach (verb) :”She reproached him for not doing his homework
Reproduction
Title: Reproduction
Pronunciation :/ˌriːprəˈdʌkʃ(ə)n/
Part of speech :noun
Definition :the production of offspring by a sexual or asexual process
Formal or informal :formal
Countable or uncountable :uncountable
Stress marks :/ˌriːprəˈdʌkʃ(ə)n
Synonym :procreation, breeding
Opposite :sterility
Example
The reproduction of plants can occur through seeds or cuttings
Rescue
Title: Rescue
Pronunciation :/ˈrɛskjuː/
Part of speech :verb and noun
Definition(noun) :an act of saving from danger
Definition(verb) :save from danger
Formal or informal :both
Countable or uncountable :countable(noun),N/A(verb)
Transitive or intransitive :transitive(verb)
Stress marks :/ˈrɛskjuː
Synonym(noun) :saving, liberation
Synonym(verb) :save, free
Opposite(noun) :endangerment
Opposite(verb) :endanger
Example
(noun) :”The firefighters carried out a daring rescue mission/ (verb) :”The lifeguard rescued the drowning swimmer
Resemblance
Title: Resemblance
Pronunciation :/rɪˈzɛmbləns/
Part of speech :noun
Definition :the state of resembling; similarity in appearance or external qualities.
Formal or informal :formal
Countable or uncountable :uncountable
Stress marks :/rɪˈzɛmbləns
Synonym:similarity, likeness
Opposite:difference
Example
There is a strong resemblance between the two sisters
Resentment
Title: Resentment
Pronunciation:/rɪˈzɛntm(ə)nt/
Part of speech:noun
Definition:a feeling of bitter indignation at having been treated unfairly
Formal or informal:both
Stress marks:/rɪˈzɛntm(ə)nt
Synonym:bitterness, indignation
Opposite:satisfaction
Example
She couldn’t hide her resentment towards her boss
Reserved
Title: Reserved
Pronunciation:/rɪˈzəvd/
Part of speech:noun
Definition:a space that is kept for a particular purpose
Formal or informal:both
Stress marks:/rɪˈzəvd
Synonym:set aside, allocated
Opposite:vacant
Example
She had a reserved seat at the concert
Residential
Title: Residential
Pronunciation: /rɪˈzɪdənʃ(ə)l/
Part of speech: adjective
Definition: suitable for or used as a place of residence
Formal or informal: formal
Stress marks: /rɪˈzɪdənʃ(ə)l
Synonym: domestic, inhabited
Opposite: commercial
Example
The neighborhood is primarily residential, with many houses and apartments
Resignation
Title: Resignation
Pronunciation: /ˌrɛzɪɡˈneɪʃ(ə)n/
Part of speech: noun
Definition: the acceptance of something undesirable but inevitable
Formal or informal: formal
Countable or uncountable: uncountable
Stress marks: /ˌrɛzɪɡˈneɪʃ(ə)n
Synonym: acceptance, acquiescence
Opposite: resistance
Example
She submitted her resignation after finding a new job
Resilience
Title: Resilience
Pronunciation: /rɪˈzɪlɪəns/
Part of speech: noun
Definition: the capacity to recover quickly from difficulties; toughness
Formal or informal: formal
Countable or uncountable: uncountable
Stress marks: /rɪˈzɪlɪəns
Synonym: strength, fortitude
Opposite: fragility
Example
Her resilience in the face of adversity was truly inspiring
Resilient
Title: Resilient
Pronunciation: /rɪˈzɪlɪənt/
Part of speech: adjective
Definition: able to withstand or recover quickly from difficult conditions
Formal or informal: formal
Stress marks: /rɪˈzɪlɪənt
Synonym: strong, tough
Opposite: fragile
Example
The building’s design made it more resilient to earthquakes
Resistance
Title: Resistance
Pronunciation: /rɪˈzɪst(ə)ns/
Part of speech: noun
Definition: the refusal to accept or comply with something; the attempt to prevent something by action or argument
Formal or informal: formal
Countable or uncountable: uncountable
Stress marks: /rɪˈzɪst(ə)ns
Synonym: opposition, defiance
Opposite: compliance
Example
The resistance to change within the organization was strong
Restraint
Title: Restraint
Pronunciation:/rɪˈstreɪnt/
Part of speech:noun
Definition:a measure or condition that keeps someone or something under control
Formal or informal:both
Stress marks:/rɪˈstreɪnt
Synonym:self-control, moderation
Opposite:lack of control
Example
She showed great restraint in not reacting to the insult
Restructure
Title: Restructure
Pronunciation:/riːˈstrʌktʃə(r)/
Part of speech:noun
Definition:a reorganization of a company with the intention of making it more efficient
Formal or informal:both
Transitive or intransitive:N/A
Stress marks:/riːˈstrʌktʃə(r)
Synonym :reorganization, overhaul
Opposite :maintain
Example
The company underwent a major restructure to improve its operations
Retention
Title: Retention
Pronunciation:/rɪˈtɛnʃ(ə)n/
Part of speech:noun
Definition :the continued possession, use, or control of something
Formal or informal :formal
Countable or uncountable :uncountable
Stress marks:/rɪˈtɛnʃ(ə)n
Synonym :preservation, holding on to
Opposite :release
Example
The retention of employees is a priority for the company
Retrieve
Title: Retrieve
Pronunciation:/rɪˈtriːv/
Part of speech :verb and noun
Definition(noun) :the action of regaining possession of something
Definition(verb) :get or bring something back; regain possession of something
Formal or informal:both
Countable or uncountable:N/A (noun), countable (verb)
Transitive or intransitive :transitive (verb)
Stress marks:/rɪˈtriːv
Synonym(noun) :recovery, regaining
Synonym(verb) :recover, reclaim
Opposite(noun) :loss
Opposite(verb) :lose
Example
(noun) :”The dog’s quick retrieve of the ball impressed its owner.”/ (verb) :”He managed to retrieve his lost keys from under the sofa.”
Reunion
Title: Reunion
Pronunciation:/riːˈjuːnjən/
Part of speech:noun
Definition:a social gathering attended by members of a particular group who have not seen each other for some time
Formal or informal:both
Stress marks:/riːˈjuːnjən
Synonym:gathering, get-together
Opposite :separation
Example
The family had a joyful reunion after being apart for years
Reveal
Title: Reveal
Pronunciation:/rɪˈviːl/
Part of speech :verb and noun
Definition(noun) :make known to others (something that was previously secret)
Definition(verb) :make (previously unknown or secret information) known to others.
Formal or informal:both
Countable or uncountable:N/A (noun), countable (verb)
Transitive or intransitive :transitive (verb)
Stress marks:/rɪˈviːl
Synonym(noun) :disclosure, unveiling
Synonym(verb) :disclose, unveil
Opposite(noun) :concealment
Opposite(verb) :conceal
Example
(noun) :”The reveal of the surprise party was met with excitement.”/ (verb) :”He refused to reveal his sources.”
Revelation
Title: Revelation
Pronunciation:/ˌrɛvəˈleɪʃ(ə)n/
Part of speech:noun
Definition:a surprising and previously unknown fact that has been disclosed to others.
Stress marks:/ˌrɛvəˈleɪʃ(ə)n
Synonym:surprise, disclosure
Opposite :concealment
Example
The revelation of her true identity shocked everyone
Reversal
Title: Reversal
Pronunciation:/rɪˈvɜːs(ə)l/
Part of speech:noun
Definition:a change to an opposite direction, position, or course of action.
Formal or informal:both
Stress marks:/rɪˈvɜːs(ə)l
Synonym :change, turnaround
Opposite:maintain
Example
The court’s decision marked a reversal of the previous ruling
Reverse
Title: Reverse
Pronunciation: /rɪˈvɜːs/
Part of speech: verb and noun
Definition (noun): a complete change in the opposite direction
Definition (verb): move backwards
Formal or informal: both
Countable or uncountable: countable
Transitive or intransitive: transitive
Stress marks: /rɪˈvɜːs
Synonym (noun): opposite, back
Opposite: forward
Example
(noun): “The car went into reverse and backed out of the parking space.”/ (verb): “She reversed her decision after hearing new information.”
Revival
Title: Revival
Pronunciation: /rɪˈvʌɪv(ə)l/
Part of speech: noun
Definition: an improvement in the condition, strength, or fortunes of someone or something; a restoration to life or consciousness
Formal or informal: formal
Countable or uncountable: countable
Stress marks: /rɪˈvʌɪv(ə)l
Synonym: resurgence, renewal
Opposite: decline
Example
The revival of interest in traditional crafts has led to a resurgence in popularity
Revolt
Title: Revolt
Pronunciation: /rɪˈvəʊlt/
Part of speech: noun and verb
Definition (noun): an attempt to put an end to the authority of a person or body by rebelling
Definition (verb): take violent action against an established government or ruler; rebel
Formal or informal: both
Countable or uncountable: countable (noun), uncountable (verb)
Transitive or intransitive: intransitive (verb)
Stress marks: /rɪˈvəʊlt
Synonym (noun): rebellion, uprising
Opposite (noun): obedience
Synonym (verb): rebel, rise up
Opposite (verb): comply
Example
(noun): “The peasants’ revolt was brutally suppressed by the king’s army/ (verb): “The citizens decided to revolt against the oppressive regime
Rhyme
Title: Rhyme
Pronunciation: /raɪm/
Part of speech: noun and verb
Definition (noun): a word agreeing with another in terminal sound
Definition (verb): have or end with a word that sounds the same as another word
Formal or informal: both
Countable or uncountable: countable (noun), uncountable (verb)
Transitive or intransitive: intransitive (verb)
Stress marks: /raɪm
Synonym (noun): verse, poetry
Opposite (noun): prose
Synonym (verb): chime, correspond
Opposite (verb): differ
Example
(noun): “The poem uses a simple ABAB rhyme scheme/ (verb): “The words ‘cat’ and ‘hat’ rhyme with each other
Rigid
Title: Rigid
Pronunciation: /ˈrɪdʒɪd/
Part of speech: adjective
Definition: unable to bend or be forced out of shape; not flexible; strict and severe; unable to change or adapt
Formal or informal: formal
Stress marks: /ˈrɪdʒɪd
Synonym: inflexible, stern
Opposite: flexible, lenient
Example
The company has very rigid rules about punctuality
Riot
Title: Riot
Pronunciation: /ˈraɪət/
Part of speech: noun and verb
Definition (noun): a violent disturbance of the peace by a crowd; a period of public disorder involving violence and lawlessness
Definition (verb): take part in a violent public disturbance
Formal or informal: both
Countable or uncountable: countable (noun), uncountable (verb)
Transitive or intransitive: intransitive (verb)
Stress marks: /ˈraɪət
Synonym (noun): disturbance, uprising
Opposite (noun): peace, order
Synonym (verb): rampage, revolt
Opposite (verb): comply
Example
(noun): “The police were called in to control the riot/ (verb): “The protesters began to riot after the announcement
Ritual
Title: Ritual
Pronunciation: /ˈrɪtʃʊəl/
Part of speech: noun and adjective
Definition (noun): a religious or solemn ceremony consisting of a series of actions performed according to a prescribed order; a series of actions regularly followed as part of a ceremony
Definition (adjective): relating to or done as a religious or solemn rite;
strictly following traditional customs and ceremonies
Formal or informal: formal
Countable or uncountable: countable (noun), N/A (adjective)
Stress marks: /ˈrɪtʃʊəl
Synonym (noun): ceremony, rite
Opposite (noun): spontaneity
Synonym (adjective): ceremonial, traditional
Opposite (adjective): informal
Example
She followed her daily ritual of lighting incense at sunset
Rivalry
Title: Rivalry
Pronunciation:/ˈraɪv(ə)lri/
Part of speech:noun
Definition:a competition for the same objective or for superiority in the same field.
Formal or informal:both
Stress marks:/ˈraɪv(ə)lri
Synonym :competition, conflict
Opposite :cooperation
Example
The rivalry between the two companies has led to intense innovation
Roar
Title: Roar
Pronunciation:/rɔː(r)/
Part of speech:noun and verb
Definition(noun) :a full, deep, prolonged cry uttered by a lion or other large wild animal.
Definition(verb) :make a full, deep, prolonged cry uttered by a lion or other large wild animal
Formal or informal:both
Transitive or intransitive :intransitive
Stress marks:/rɔː(r)
Synonym(noun) :growl, bellow
Synonym(verb) :bellow, yell
Opposite(noun) :silence
Opposite(verb) :whisper
Example
(noun) :”The roar of the lion echoed through the jungle/ (verb) :”The crowd began to roar with excitement as their team scored
Route
Title: Route
Pronunciation:/ruːt/
Part of speech:noun and verb
Definition(noun) :a way or course taken in getting from a starting point to a destination.
Definition(verb) :send something along a particular route.
reaching its destination.
Formal or informal:both
Transitive or intransitive :transitive
Stress marks:/ruːt
Synonym(noun) :path, course
Synonym(verb) :direct, send
Example
(noun) :”The route we took was scenic but longer/ (verb) :”The package was routed through several distribution centers before
Ruling
Title: Ruling
Pronunciation:/ˈruːlɪŋ/
Part of speech:noun and adjective
Definition(noun) :an authoritative decision made by an official body.
Definition(adjective) :having supreme power.
Formal or informal:both
Stress marks:/ˈruːlɪŋ
Synonym(noun) :decision, judgment
Synonym(adjective) :dominant, controlling
Opposite(noun) :appeal
Opposite(adjective) :subordinate
Example
(noun) :”The court’s ruling set an important legal precedent/ (adjective) :”The ruling party implemented new policies
