فهرست
Soar
Title: Soar
Pronunciation: /sɔr/
Part of speech: verb
Formal or informal: formal
Transitive or intransitive: intransitive
Stress marks: /sɔr
Synonym: fly, ascend
Opposite: descend, fall
Fly or rise high in the air
The eagle soared above the mountains
Solitary
Title: Solitary
Pronunciation: /ˈsɒlɪtəri/
Part of speech: adjective
Formal or informal: formal
Stress marks: /ˈsɒlɪtəri
Synonym: lonely, isolated
Opposite: sociable, companionable
Done or existing alone; single, separate
He led a solitary life in the countryside
Soothing
Title: Soothing
Pronunciation: /ˈsuːðɪŋ/
Part of speech: adjective
Formal or informal: both
Stress marks: /ˈsuːðɪŋ
Synonym: calming, comforting
Opposite: distressing, agitating
Having a calming or comforting effect
The soothing music helped her relax
Spade
Title: Spade
Pronunciation: /speɪd/
Part of speech: noun
Definition: a tool used for digging or cutting earth with a sharp-edged, typically rectangular metal blade and a long handle
Formal or informal: both
Countable or uncountable: countable
Stress marks: /speɪd
Synonym: shovel, digger
Opposite: fill, cover
Example
He used a spade to dig a hole in the garden
Spark
Title: Spark
Pronunciation: /spɑːk/
Part of speech: noun and verb
Definition (noun): a small fiery particle thrown off from a fire, alight in ashes, or produced by striking together two hard surfaces such as stone or metal
Definition (verb): produce sparks of fire
Formal or informal:both
Transitive or intransitive :intransitive
Stress marks:/spɑːk
Synonym(noun) :ember, particle
Opposite(noun) :extinguish, put out
Synonym(verb) :ignite, kindle
Opposite(verb) :extinguish, put out
Example
(noun):”The spark from the campfire lit up the night/ (verb):”The flint sparked when struck against steel.
Specimen
Title: Specimen
Pronunciation: /ˈspɛsɪmən/
Part of speech: noun
Definition: an individual animal, plant, piece of a mineral, etc., used as an example of its species or type for scientific study or display
Formal or informal:both
Stress marks:/ˈspɛsɪmən
Synonym:sample, example
Opposite:whole, entirety
Example
The museum had a rare specimen of a butterfly on display
Spectrum
Title: Spectrum
Pronunciation:/ˈspɛktrəm/
Part of speech:noun
Definition:a band of colors, as seen in a rainbow, produced by separation of the components of light by their different degrees of refraction according to wavelength
Formal or informal:both
Stress marks:/ˈspɛktrəm
Synonym:rang e, gamut
Opposite:single color
Example
The spectrum of light ranged from red to violet
Spin
Title: Spin
Pronunciation:/spɪn/
Part of speech:noun and verb
Definition(noun) :a rapid turning around on an axis; a swift whirling motion
Definition(verb) :turn or cause to turn or whirl around quickly
Formal or informal:both
Transitive or intransitive :both
Stress marks:/spɪn
Synonym(noun) :twirl, rotation
Opposite(noun) :stillness, stop
Example
(noun) :”The ball had a spin that made it curve in the air/ (verb) :”She spun the top and watched it twirl.”
Spine
Title: Spine
Pronunciation:/spaɪn/
Part of speech:noun
Definition:a series of vertebrae extending from the skull to the small of the back, enclosing the spinal cord and providing support for the thorax and abdomen; backbone
Formal or informal:both
Stress marks:/spaɪn
Synonym:backbone, vertebrae
Opposite:flesh, softness
Example
He felt a chill run down his spine
Spit
Title: Spit
Pronunciation:/spɪt/
Part of speech:noun and verb
Definition(noun) :a rod on which meat is impaled for roasting over an open fire; saliva
Definition(verb) :eject saliva forcibly from one’s mouth
Formal or informal:both
Transitive or intransitive :intransitive
Stress marks:/spɪt
Synonym(noun) :skewer, rod
Opposite(noun) :liquid, drink
Synonym(verb) :spew, eject
Opposite(verb) :swallow, ingest
Example
(noun) :”The chef turned the spit to evenly cook the meat/ (verb) :”He spat out the watermelon seeds.”
Spite
Title: Spite
Pronunciation:/spaɪt/
Part of speech:noun
Formal or informal:both
Stress marks:/spaɪt
Synonym:malice, animosity
Opposite:forgiveness, kindness
A desire to hurt, annoy, or offend someone
She canceled the party out of spite
Spotlight
Title: Spotlight
Pronunciation:/ˈspɒtlaɪt/
Part of speech:noun and verb
Definition(noun) :a lamp projecting a narrow, intense beam of light directly onto a place or person; center of attention
Definition(verb) :illuminate with a spotlight; focus attention on
Formal or informal:both
Transitive or intransitive :both
Stress marks:/ˈspɒtlaɪt
Synonym(noun) :floodlight, attention
Opposite(noun) :obscurity, darkness
Synonym(verb) :highlight, emphasize
Opposite(verb) :diminish, obscure
Example
(noun) :”The actor stepped into the spotlight/ (verb) :”The media spotlighted the issue
Spouse
Title: Spouse
Pronunciation:/spaʊs/
Part of speech:noun
Definition:a husband or wife, considered in relation to their partner.
Formal or informal:both
Stress marks:/spaʊs
Synonym:partner, mate
Opposite:single, unmarried
Example
Her spouse was supportive during her illness
Squeak
Title: Squeak
Pronunciation:/skwiːk/
Part of speech:noun and verb
Definition(noun) :a short, high-pitched sound; a creaking sound
Definition(verb) :make a high-pitched sound; say something in a high-pitched voice
Formal or informal:both
Transitive or intransitive :both
Stress marks:/skwiːk
Synonym(noun):creak, chirp
Opposite(noun):silence, quiet
Synonym(verb):squeal, chirp
Opposite(verb):whisper, mumble
Example
(noun):”The mouse made a squeak as it scurried across the floor/ (verb):”She squeaked with excitement when she saw the puppy.”
Squeeze
Title: Squeeze
Pronunciation:/skwiːz/
Part of speech:noun and verb
Definition(noun):a firmly held embrace; an act of pressing something with force to extract liquid; a difficult situation caused by a lack of time, money, etc.
Definition(verb):firmly press from opposite sides; extract liquid from something by applying pressure; force into a small space
Formal or informal:both
Transitive or intransitive:both
Stress marks:/skwiːz
Synonym(noun):hug, crush
Opposite(noun):release, freedom
Synonym(verb):compress, press
Opposite(verb):release, let go
Example
(noun):”He gave her a tight squeeze before leaving/ (verb):”She squeezed the juice from the orange.”
Stagger
Title: Stagger
Pronunciation:/ˈstægər/
Part of speech:noun and verb
Definition(noun):a unsteady movement; astonishment; difficulty in walking due to intoxication
Definition(verb):walk unsteadily; astonish; arrange (events) so they do not occur at the same time
Formal or informal:both
Transitive or intransitive:both
Stress marks:/ˈstægər
Synonym(noun):stumble, amazement
Opposite(noun):steadiness, certainty
Synonym(verb):stumble, amaze
Opposite(verb):steady, calm
Example
(noun):”He walked with a stagger after getting off the rollercoaster/ (verb):”The news staggered him
Steer
Title: Steer
Pronunciation:/stɪər/
Part of speech:noun and verb
Definition(noun):a male bovine animal that has been castrated and is raised for beef
Definition(verb):control the movement of (a vehicle); guide (someone who is lost or uncertain)
Formal or informal:both
Transitive or intransitive:both
Stress marks:/stɪər
Synonym(noun):cattle, ox
Opposite(noun):cow, heifer
Synonym(verb):navigate, direct
Opposite(verb):mislead, confuse
Example
(noun):”The farmer had several steers on his ranch/ (verb):”She steered the car around the corner carefully.”
Stimulus
Title: Stimulus
Pronunciation: /ˈstɪmjʊləs/
Part of speech: noun
Formal or informal: formal
Countable or uncountable: countable
Stress marks: /ˈstɪmjʊləs
Synonym: incentive, motivation
Opposite: deterrent, disincentive
A thing that evokes a specific reaction or activity
The pay raise was a stimulus for increased productivity
Stir
Title: Stir
Pronunciation: /stɜːr/
Part of speech: verb and noun
Definition (verb): move a spoon or other implement around in (a liquid or other substance) in order to mix it thoroughly
Definition (noun): a slight physical movement
Formal or informal: both
Countable or uncountable: countable
Transitive or intransitive: both
Stress marks: /stɜːr
Synonym (verb): mix, blend
Synonym (noun): commotion, movement
Opposite (verb): still, settle
Opposite (noun): calm, stillness
Example
(verb): “She stirred her coffee with a spoon/ (noun): “There was a stir in the crowd as the celebrity arrived
Strand
Title: Strand
Pronunciation: /strænd/
Part of speech: noun and verb
Definition (noun): a single thin length of something such as thread, fiber, or wire
Definition (verb): leave (someone) without the means to move from somewhere
Formal or informal: both
Countable or uncountable: countable
Transitive or intransitive: transitive
Stress marks: /strænd
Synonym (noun): fiber, thread
Synonym (verb): maroon, abandon
Opposite (noun): whole, entirety
Opposite (verb): rescue, save
Example
(noun): “She plaited her hair into three strands/ (verb): “The snowstorm stranded many travelers at the airport
Strap
Title: Strap
Pronunciation: /stræp/
Part of speech: noun and verb
Definition (noun): a strip of leather, cloth, or other flexible material, used to fasten, secure, or carry something or to hold on to something
Definition (verb): fasten or secure in a specified place or position with a strap or seat belt.
Formal or informal: both
Countable or uncountable: countable
Transitive or intransitive: transitive
Synonym (noun): belt, band
Synonym (verb): fasten, secure
Opposite (noun): release, loosen
Opposite (verb): unfasten, release
Example
(noun): “She tightened the strap on her backpack/ (verb): “He strapped the luggage onto the roof of the car
Strenuous
Title: Strenuous
Pronunciation: /ˈstrɛnjuəs/
Part of speech: adjective
Formal or informal: formal
Stress marks: /ˈstrɛnjuəs
Synonym: arduous, demanding
Opposite: easy, effortless
Requiring or using great effort or exertion; difficult or tiring
The strenuous hike up the mountain left them exhausted
Strive
Title: Strive
Pronunciation: /straɪv/
Part of speech: verb
Formal or informal: formal
Transitive or intransitive: intransitive
Stress marks: /straɪv
Synonym: endeavor, struggle
Opposite: relax, give up
Make great efforts to achieve or obtain something; struggle or fight vigorously
She strove for excellence in everything she did
Stumble
Title: Stumble
Pronunciation: /ˈstʌmbəl/
Part of speech: verb and noun
Definition (verb): trip or momentarily lose one’s balance; make a mistake or repeated mistakes in speaking.
Definition (noun): an act of stumbling; an error or fault.
Formal or informal: both
Countable or uncountable: countable for noun, N/A for verb
Transitive or intransitive: intransitive for verb, transitive for noun
Stress marks: /ˈstʌmbəl
Synonym (verb): trip, falter
Synonym (noun): trip, error
Opposite (verb): walk steadily, succeed
Opposite (noun): success, grace
Example
(verb): “She stumbled over the uneven pavement/ (noun): “The stumble in his speech revealed his nervousness
Stunned
Title: Stunned
Pronunciation:/stʌnd/
Part of speech:adjective
Formal or informal:both
Stress marks:/stʌnd
Synonym:dazed, shocked
Opposite:lucid, clear-headed
Dazed and unable to think clearly
She was stunned by the news of his death
Subtle
Title: Subtle
Pronunciation:/ˈsʌtl/
Part of speech:adjective
Formal or informal:both
Stress marks:/ˈsʌtl
Synonym:not immediately obvious; elusive; difficult to detect
Opposite:overt, obvious
Not immediately obvious; elusive; difficult to detect
The subtle difference between the two paintings was hard to pinpoint
Summit
Title: Summit
Pronunciation:/ˈsʌmɪt/
Part of speech:noun
Formal or informal:both
Stress marks:/ˈsʌmɪt
Synonym:pinnacle, peak
Opposite:nadir, bottom
Highest point of a hill or mountain; highest level of attainment
They reached the summit after a long climb
Superfluous
Title: Superfluous
Pronunciation:/suːˈpɜːfluəs/
Part of speech:adjective
Formal or informal:both
Stress marks:/suːˈpɜːfluəs
Synonym:unnecessary, excessive
Opposite:necessary, essential
Not necessary; more than enough
The extra decorations were superfluous
Suppress
Title: Suppress
Pronunciation:/səˈprɛs/
Part of speech:verb
Definition:endure; put an end to; prevent the development, action, or expression of (a feeling, impulse, idea, etc.); restrain; subdue
Formal or informal:both
Transitive or intransitive :transitive
Stress marks:/səˈprɛs
Synonym:endure; put an end to; prevent the development, action, or expression of (a feeling, impulse, idea, etc.); restrain; subdue
Opposite:endure; put an end to; prevent the development, action, or expression of (a feeling, impulse, idea, etc.); restrain; subdue
Example
He tried to suppress his anger
Surpass
Title: Surpass
Pronunciation:/səˈpɑːs/
Part of speech:verb
Formal or informal:both
Transitive or intransitive :intransitive
Stress marks:/səˈpɑːs
Synonym:exceed; be greater than; go beyond
Opposite:lack behind; fail to meet
Exceed; be greater than; go beyond
Her performance surpassed all expectations
Sustain
Title: Sustain
Pronunciation:/səˈsteɪn/
Part of speech:verb
Formal or informal:both
Transitive or intransitive :transitive
Stress marks:/səˈsteɪn
Synonym:support; uphold; endure; undergo
Opposite:endure; undergo
Support; uphold; endure; undergo
The country struggled to sustain its economy during the recession
Sword
Title: Sword
Pronunciation:/sɔrd/
Part of speech:noun
Formal or informal:both
Stress marks:/sɔrd
Synonym:broad sword
Opposite:sheath
A weapon with a long metal blade and a hilt with a handguard
The knight brandished his sword
Syllabus
Title: Syllabus
Pronunciation:/ˈsɪləbəs/
Part of speech:noun
Formal or informal:both
Stress marks:/ˈsɪləbəs
Synonym:curriculum
Opposite:test
A document outlining the subjects covered in a course of study
The syllabus for the history class included readings on ancient civilizations
Systematic
Title: Systematic
Pronunciation:/sɪstəˈmætɪk/
Part of speech:adjective
Formal or informal:both
Stress marks:/sɪstəˈmætɪk
Synonym:categorized by order and planning
Opposite:haphazard
categorized by order and planning
She took a systematic approach to organizing her work
