فهرست
Vaccinate
Title: Vaccinate
Pronunciation: /ˈvæk.sɪ.neɪt/
Part of speech: verb
Formal or informal: formal
Countable or uncountable: countable
Transitive or intransitive: transitive
Stress marks: /ˈvæk.sɪ.neɪt
Synonym: immunize, inoculate
Opposite: infect, expose
To treat with a vaccine to produce immunity against a disease
The doctor will vaccinate the children against measles
Vague
Title: Vague
Pronunciation: /veɪg/
Part of speech: adjective
Formal or informal: both
Stress marks: /veɪg
Synonym: unclear, ambiguous
Opposite: clear, specific
Of uncertain, indefinite, or unclear character or meaning
The instructions were vague and difficult to follow
Vain
Title: Vain
Pronunciation: /veɪn/
Part of speech: adjective
Irregular spelling and irregular forms: vainer (comparative), vainest (superlative)
Formal or informal: both
Stress marks: /veɪn
Synonym: conceited, narcissistic
Opposite: humble, modest
Having or showing an excessively high opinion of one’s appearance, abilities, or worth
She was so vain that she spent hours in front of the mirror.
Validity
Title: Validity
Pronunciation: /vəˈlɪdəti/
Part of speech: noun
Formal or informal: formal
Countable or uncountable: uncountable
Stress marks: /vəˈlɪdəti
Synonym: legitimacy, credibility
Opposite: invalidity, illegitimacy
The quality of being logically or factually sound; effectiveness; legal soundness
The validity of the contract was questioned due to missing signatures
Value
Title: Value
Pronunciation: /ˈvæljuː/
Part of speech: noun and verb
Definition (noun): the regard that something is held to deserve; the importance, worth, or usefulness of something
Definition (verb): consider (someone or something) to be important or beneficial; have a high opinion of
Irregular spelling and irregular forms: valued (past tense)
Formal or informal: both
Countable or uncountable: countable for noun, uncountable for verb
Transitive or intransitive: transitive for verb
Stress marks: /ˈvæljuː
Synonym (noun): worth, importance
Synonym (verb): appreciate, esteem
Opposite (noun): worthlessness, insignificance
Opposite (verb): disregard, undervalue
Example
(noun): “The value of education cannot be overstated/ (verb): “She values her family more than anything else
Vandalism
Title: Vandalism
Pronunciation:/ˈvændəlɪz(ə)m/
Part of speech :noun
Formal or informal:both
Stress marks:/ˈvændəlɪz(ə)m
Synonym:defacement, destruction
wilful damage or destruction of public or private property
The park was closed due to vandalism
Vanity
Title: Vanity
Pronunciation:/ˈvanɪti/
Part of speech :noun
Formal or informal:both
Stress marks:/ˈvanɪti
Synonym:self-importance, conceit
Opposite:humble, modesty
Excessive pride in or admiration of one’s own appearance or achievements
Her vanity made her spend hours in front of the mirror
Variation
Title: Variation
Pronunciation:/ˌvɛːrɪˈeɪʃ(ə)n/
Part of speech :noun
Formal or informal:both
Stress marks:/ˌvɛːrɪˈeɪʃ(ə)n
Synonym:difference, change
Opposite:similarity, consistency
A change or difference in condition, amount, or level, typically with certain limits
There was a wide variation in test scores
Vehicle
Title: Vehicle
Pronunciation:/ˈviːɪk(ə)l/
Part of speech :noun
Formal or informal:both
Stress marks:/ˈviːɪk(ə)l
Synonym:auto, transport
Any form of transportation that is used to carry people or goods from one place to another
The car is a popular vehicle for daily commuting
Velvet
Title: Velvet
Pronunciation:/ˈvɛlvɪt/
Part of speech :noun and adjective
Formal or informal:both
Stress marks:/ˈvɛlvɪt
Synonym:fabric, material
A closely woven fabric of silk, cotton, or nylon that has a thick short pile on one side
She wore a beautiful velvet dress to the party
Vent
Title: Vent
Pronunciation:/vɛnt/
Part of speech :noun and verb
Definition (noun):an opening that allows air, gas, or liquid to pass out of or into a confined space
Definition (verb):give free expression to (a strong emotion)
Formal or informal:both
Transitive or intransitive :transitive for verb Stress marks:/vɛnt
Synonym (noun):opening, outlet
Opposite (noun):blockage, closure Synonym (verb):express, air
Opposite (verb):suppress
Example
(noun):”The room had no vent for fresh air/ (verb):”He needed to vent his frustration
Venture
Title: Venture
Pronunciation:/ˈvɛntʃə/
Part of speech :noun and verb
Definition (noun):a risky or daring journey or undertaking
Definition (verb):dare to do something or go somewhere that may be dangerous or
Transitive or intransitive :intransitive for verb
Stress marks:/ˈvɛntʃə Synonym (noun):risk, undertaking Opposite (noun):safe bet, certainty Synonym (verb):dare, risk
Opposite (verb):avoid, retreat
Example
(noun):”Starting a business is always a risky venture/ (verb):”He ventured into the unknown territory
Verbal
Title: Verbal
Pronunciation:/ˈvəːb(ə)l/
Part of speech :adjective
Stress marks:/ˈvəːb(ə)
Synonym:oral, spoken
Opposite:written
(of an action) done by spoken rather than written words; relating to words
She made a verbal agreement with the contractor
Verdict
Title: Verdict
Pronunciation:/ˈvəːdɪkt/
Part of speech :noun
Definition:a decision on an issue of fact in a civil case; a finding or judgment by a jury on matters submitted to it at trial; judgement
Formal or informal:both
Stress marks:/ˈvəːdɪkt
Synonym:ruling, decision
Example
The jury reached a verdict after hours of deliberation
Verge
Title: Verge
Pronunciation:/vərdʒ/
Part of speech :noun and verb
Definition:(noun):an edge or border; an extreme limit beyond which something specified will happen
Definition (verb):be very close to; be in the process of doing something
Formal or informal:both
Transitive or intransitive :intransitive for verb
Stress marks:/vərdʒ Synonym (noun):brink, edge
Opposite (noun):center, middle
Synonym (verb):approach, near
Opposite (verb):recede
Example
He was on the verge of tears/ (verb):”She verged on losing her temper
Versatile
Title: Versatile
Pronunciation:/ˈvəːsətʌɪl/
Part of speech :adjective
Definition:(of a person) able to adapt to many different functions or activities; changeable; adaptable
Formal or informal:both
Stress marks:/ˈvəːsətʌɪl
Synonym:flexible, adaptable
Opposite:inflexible
Example
She is a versatile actress who can play any role
Veteran
Title: Veteran
Pronunciation:/ˈvɛt(ə)r(ə)n/ Part of speech :noun and adjective
Definition:(noun):a person who has had long experience in a particular field; a person who has served in the military
Definition (adjective):experienced through long service; long-serving; experienced
Formal or informal:both
Synonym (noun):expert, old hand
Opposite (noun):novice, beginner Synonym (adjective):experienced, seasoned
Opposite (adjective):inexperienced
Example
(noun):”He is a veteran of the music industry/ (adjective):”She is a veteran teacher at the school
Viable
Title: Viable
Pronunciation: /ˈvaɪəbl/
Part of speech: adjective
Formal or informal: formal
Stress marks: /ˈvaɪəbl
Synonym: workable, feasible
Opposite: unfeasible, unworkable
capable of working successfully; feasible
The business plan was not viable in the current market
Vicinity
Title: Vicinity
Pronunciation: /vəˈsɪnɪti/
Part of speech: noun
Formal or informal: formal
Countable or uncountable: uncountable
Stress marks: /vəˈsɪnɪti
Synonym: area, neighborhood
Opposite: distance, remoteness
The area near or surrounding a particular place
There are several restaurants in the vicinity of the hotel
Vicious
Title: Vicious
Pronunciation: /ˈvɪʃəs/
Part of speech: adjective
Formal or informal: both
Stress marks: /ˈvɪʃəs
Synonym: brutal, ferocious
Opposite: gentle, kind
Deliberately cruel or violent; savage
The dog attacked in a vicious manner
Villager
Title: Villager
Pronunciation: /ˈvɪlɪdʒər/
Part of speech: noun
Formal or informal: both
Countable or uncountable: countable
Stress marks: /ˈvɪlɪdʒər
Synonym: rural resident, country dweller
Opposite: urbanite, city dweller
A person who lives in a village
The villagers gathered for a community meeting
Virtue
Title: Virtue
Pronunciation: /ˈvəːtjuː/
Part of speech: noun
Formal or informal: both
Countable or uncountable: countable
Stress marks: /ˈvəːtjuː
Synonym: goodness, righteousness
Opposite: vice, immorality
Behavior showing high moral standards; a quality considered morally good or desirable in a person
Patience is a virtue
Vitality
Title: Vitality
Pronunciation:/vʌɪˈtalɪti/
Part of speech :noun
Formal or informal:both
Stress marks:/vʌɪˈtalɪti
Synonym:liveliness, vigor
Opposite:n/a
(noun):the state of being strong and active; energy
Exercise is important for maintaining vitality
Vivacious
Title: Vivacious
Pronunciation:/vɪˈveɪʃəs/
Part of speech :adjective
Formal or informal:both
Stress marks:/vɪˈveɪʃəs
Synonym:lively, spirited
Opposite:dull, lifeless
(especially of a woman) attractively lively and animated
She had a vivacious personality that lit up the room
Vomit
Title: Vomit
Pronunciation:/ˈvɒmɪt/
Part of speech :noun and verb
Definition (noun):matter from the stomach that has come up through the mouth; vomitus Definition (verb):eject matter from the stomach through the mouth Irregular spelling and irregular forms:vomited (past tense)
Formal or informal:both
Transitive or intransitive :intransitive for verb Stress marks:/ˈvɒmɪt
Synonym (noun):vomitus, puke
Opposite (noun):n/a
Synonym (verb):throw up, regurgitate
Opposite (verb):ingest
Example
(noun):”She felt nauseous and experienced a bout of vomit/ (verb):”The child vomited after eating spoiled food.”
Voter
Title: Voter
Pronunciation:/ˈvəʊtə/
Part of speech :noun
Formal or informal:both
Stress marks:/ˈvəʊtə Synonym:elector, citizen
A person who has the right to vote in an election
The candidate worked hard to win over undecided voters
Vow
Title: Vow
Pronunciation:/vaʊ/
Part of speech :noun and verb
Definition (noun):a solemn promise
Definition (verb):solemnly promise to do aspecified thing
Formal or informal:both Countable or uncountable:N/A
Transitive or intransitive :transitive for verb Stress marks:/vaʊ
Synonym (noun):promise, pledge
Opposite (noun):break, betrayal Synonym (verb):promise, swear
Opposite (verb):break
Example
(noun):”They exchanged vows at their wedding ceremony/ (verb):”He vowed to always protect his family
Vulnerable
Title: Vulnerable
Pronunciation:/ˈvʌln(ə)rəb(ə)l/
Part of speech :adjective
Definition:(of a person) in need of special care, support, or protection because of age, disability, or risk of abuse or neglect; susceptible to physical or emotional attack or harm
Formal or informal:both
Stress marks:/ˈvʌln(ə)rəb(ə)l
Synonym:susceptible, at risk
Opposite:protected, invulnerable
Example
The elderly are often vulnerable to scams
