Important (2)

Lesson 24
فهرست
Territory Withstand Anonymous Longevity Commemorate Mainstream Assemble Assurance Distinction Attribute Nostalgic Legitimate Concession Deterrent Diplomacy Stereotypical Essence Endurance Hierarchy Coincide High-profile Backward Betting Confine Confront Crisp Curb Embarrass Infectious Retain

Territory

Title: Territory

Pronunciation: TER-i-tawr-ee

Part of speech: noun

Transitive or intransitive: Intransitive

Stress marks: TER-i-tawr-ee

Synonym: domain

Opposite: wilderness

 

An area of land under the jurisdiction of a ruler or state

The two countries were in dispute over the territory along their border

An area of land under the jurisdiction of a ruler or state

Withstand

Title: Withstand

Pronunciation: with-STAND

Part of speech: verb

Countable or uncountable: Countable

Transitive or intransitive: Transitive

Stress marks: with-STAND

Synonym: endure

Opposite: succumb

 

Remain undamaged or unaffected by; resist

The old building was able to withstand the strong winds of the hurricane

Remain undamaged or unaffected by; resist

Anonymous

Title: Anonymous

Pronunciation: uh-NON-uh-muhs

Part of speech: adjective

Countable or uncountable: Countable

Transitive or intransitive: Intransitive

Stress marks: uh-NON-uh-muhs

Synonym: unnamed

Opposite: identified

 

Not identified by name; of unknown name

The author of the letter remained anonymous, signing it only with a simple “A.”

Not identified by name; of unknown name

Longevity

Title: Longevity

Pronunciation: lawn-JEV-i-tee

Part of speech: noun

Countable or uncountable: Uncountable

Transitive or intransitive: Intransitive

Stress marks: lawn-JEV-i-tee

Synonym: durability

Opposite: brevity

 

Long life or existence; duration of life or existence

The company’s products were known for their longevity, lasting for many years without needing replacement

Long life or existence; duration of life or existence

Commemorate

Title: Commemorate

Pronunciation: kuh-MEM-uh-reyt

Part of speech: verb

Countable or uncountable: Countable

Transitive or intransitive: Transitive

Stress marks: kuh-MEM-uh-reyt

Synonym: honor

Opposite: ignore

 

Recall and show respect for (someone or something) in a ceremony or celebration

The country commemorates its independence day with a parade and fireworks

Recall and show respect for (someone or something) in a ceremony or celebration

Mainstream

Title: Mainstream

Pronunciation: MEYN-streem

Part of speech: noun/adjective/verb

Definition: the ideas, attitudes, or activities that are regarded as normal or conventional; typical; to integrate into the mainstream

Countable or uncountable: Countable (as a noun)

Transitive or intransitive: Transitive (as a verb)

Stress marks: MEYN-streem

Synonym: conventional

Opposite: alternative

 

Example

The band’s music was so unique that it never quite made it into the mainstream

Example

Assemble

Title: Assemble

Pronunciation: uh-SEM-buhl

Part of speech: verb

Definition: gather together in one place for a common purpose; fit together the separate component parts of (a machine or other object)

Countable or uncountable: Countable

Transitive or intransitive: Both (can be used as transitive or intransitive)

Stress marks: uh-SEM-buhl

Synonym: gather

Opposite: disperse

 

Example

The team will assemble in the conference room for the meeting

Example

Assurance

Title: Assurance

Pronunciation: uh-SHOOR-uhs

Part of speech:noun

Definition:a positive declaration intended to give confidence; a promise; confidence or certainty in one’s own abilities

Countable or uncountable:Countable

Transitive or intransitive:Intransitive

Stress marks:uh-SHOOR-uhs

Synonym:guarantee

Opposite:doubt

 

Example

She gave me her assurance that she would complete the project on time

Example

Distinction

Title: Distinction

Pronunciation:dih-STINGK-shuhn

Part of speech:noun

Definition:a difference or contrast between similar things; excellence that sets someone or something apart from others

Countable or uncountable:Countable

Transitive or intransitive:Intransitive

Stress marks:dih-STINGK-shuhn

Synonym:difference

Opposite:similarity

 

Example

The distinction between the two types of flowers was subtle but important

Example

Attribute

Title: Attribute

Pronunciation:uh-TREE-byoot

Part of speech:verb/noun

Definition:regard something as being caused by someone or something; a quality or feature regarded as a characteristic or inherent part of someone or something

Countable or uncountable:Countable (as a noun)

Transitive or intransitive:Transitive (as a verb)

Stress marks:uh-TREE-byoot

Synonym:characteristic

Opposite:disassociate

 

Example

She attributed her success to hard work and determination

Example

Nostalgic

Title: Nostalgic

Pronunciation: nah-STAL-jik

Part of speech: adjective

Countable or uncountable: Uncountable

Transitive or intransitive: Intransitive

Stress marks: nah-STAL-jik

Synonym: sentimental

Opposite: modern

 

Experiencing or exhibiting nostalgia, a sentimental longing or wistful affection for the past

Looking at old photographs always makes her feel nostalgic

Experiencing or exhibiting nostalgia, a sentimental longing or wistful affection for the past

Legitimate

Title: Legitimate

Pronunciation: luh-JIT-uh-mit

Part of speech: adjective

Countable or uncountable: Countable

Transitive or intransitive: Intransitive

Stress marks: luh-JIT-uh-mit

Synonym: legal

Opposite: illegitimate

conforming to the law or to rules; valid; genuine

The company only accepts legitimate forms of identification

conforming to the law or to rules; valid; genuine

Concession

Title: Concession

Pronunciation: kuhn-SESH-uhn

Part of speech: noun

Definition: a thing that is granted, especially in response to demands; a reduction in price; the action of conceding, granting, or yielding something

Countable or uncountable: Countable

Transitive or intransitive: Intransitive

Stress marks: kuhn-SESH-uhn

Synonym: compromise

Opposite: demand

 

Example

The company made a concession to the workers by increasing their pay

Example

Deterrent

Title: Deterrent

Pronunciation: dih-TUR-uhnt

Part of speech: noun/adjective

Definition: a thing that discourages or is intended to discourage someone from doing something; serving to discourage or prevent something

Countable or uncountable: Countable (as a noun)

Transitive or intransitive: Intransitive (as an adjective)

Stress marks: dih-TUR-uhnt

Synonym: hindrance

Opposite: encouragement

 

Example

The high security measures acted as a deterrent to potential burglars

Example

Diplomacy

Title: Diplomacy

Pronunciation: dih-PLOH-muh-see

Part of speech: noun

Definition: the profession, activity, or skill of managing international relations, typically by a country’s representatives abroad; tact and skill in dealing with people

Countable or uncountable: Uncountable

Transitive or intransitive: Intransitive

Stress marks: dih-PLOH-muh-see

Synonym: tactfulness

Opposite: aggression

 

Example

The ambassador’s diplomacy helped to ease tensions between the two countries

Example

Stereotypical

Title: Stereotypical

Pronunciation: ster-ee-u-TAHY-pi-kuhl

Part of speech: adjective

Definition: relating to a widely held but oversimplified idea of a particular type of person or thing; conforming to a fixed or general pattern; lacking originality or individuality

Countable or uncountable: Uncountable

Transitive or intransitive: Intransitive

Stress marks: ster-ee-u-TAHY-pi-kuhl

Synonym: clichéd

Opposite: unique

 

Example

The movie portrayed the stereotypical image of a housewife from the 1950s

Example

Essence

Title: Essence

Pronunciation: /ˈɛsəns/

Part of speech: noun

Definition: the intrinsic nature or indispensable quality of something, especially something abstract, that determines its character

Countable or uncountable: uncountable

Transitive or intransitive: intransitive

Stress marks: ˈɛsəns

Synonym: core

Opposite: ssential

 

Example

The essence of the argument is that everyone should have equal rights

Example

Endurance

Title: Endurance

Pronunciation: /ɪnˈdʊərəns/

Part of speech: noun

Definition: the ability to withstand hardship or adversity; the ability to sustain a prolonged stressful effort or activity

Countable or uncountable: uncountable

Transitive or intransitive: intransitive

Stress marks: ɪnˈdʊərəns

Synonym: stamina

Opposite: weakness

 

Example

The marathon runner’s endurance was truly impressive

Example

Hierarchy

Title: Hierarchy

Pronunciation: /ˈhaɪərɑrki/

Part of speech: noun

Definition: a system or organization in which people or groups are ranked one above the other according to status or authority

Countable or uncountable: uncountable

Transitive or intransitive: intransitive

Stress marks: ˈhaɪərɑrki

Synonym: ranking

Opposite: equality

 

Example

The corporate hierarchy was clearly defined, with the CEO at the top

Example

Coincide

Title: Coincide

Pronunciation: /koʊˈɪnsaɪd/

Part of speech: verb

Countable or uncountable: countable (when referring to specific events)

Transitive or intransitive: intransitive

Stress marks: koʊˈɪnsaɪd

Synonym: correspond

Opposite: differ

 

occur at or during the same time; correspond in nature; agree

Our schedules just happen to coincide, so we can meet for lunch

occur at or during the same time; correspond in nature; agree

High-profile

Title: High-profile

Pronunciation: /ˌhaɪ ˈproʊˌfaɪl/

Part of speech: adjective

Countable or uncountable: countable (when referring to specific cases)

Transitive or intransitive: intransitive

Stress marks: ˌhaɪ ˈproʊˌfaɪl

Synonym: prominent

Opposite: low-key

 

Attracting much attention or publicity; prominent

The high-profile celebrity couple was constantly in the tabloids

Attracting much attention or publicity; prominent

Backward

Title: Backward

Pronunciation: /ˈbæk.wərd/

Part of speech: adjective/adverb

Definition: directed behind or to the rear; not developed; slow to learn or understand; conservative or old-fashioned

Countable or uncountable: countable (when referring to specific directions)

Transitive or intransitive: intransitive

Stress marks: ˈbæk.wərd (adjective), ˈbæk.wərd (adverb)

Synonym: retrograde (adjective), retrogressively (adverb)

Opposite: forward

 

Example

The country’s backward infrastructure hindered its economic growth

Example

Betting

Title: Betting

Pronunciation: /ˈbɛtɪŋ/

Part of speech: noun/verb

Definition: the action of gambling money on the outcome of a race, game, or other unpredictable event; the act of making a bet

Countable or uncountable: uncountable

Transitive or intransitive: transitive

Stress marks: ˈbɛtɪŋ

Synonym: gambling

Opposite: abstain

 

Example

He’s been betting on horse races for years

Example

Confine

Title: Confine

Pronunciation: /kənˈfaɪn/

Part of speech: verb/noun

Countable or uncountable: countable (when referring to specific boundaries)

Transitive or intransitive: transitive

Stress marks: kənˈfaɪn

Synonym: restrict

Opposite: release

 

keep within limits; restrict; a boundary

The prisoners were confined to their cells for 23 hours a day

keep within limits; restrict; a boundary

Confront

Title: Confront

Pronunciation: /kənˈfrʌnt/

Part of speech: verb

Definition: meet (someone) face to face with hostile or argumentative intent; deal with (a problem) head-on

Countable or uncountable: countable (when referring to specific confrontations)

Transitive or intransitive: transitive

Stress marks: kənˈfrʌnt

Synonym: face

Opposite: avoid

 

Example

The teacher had to confront the student about his disruptive behavior

Example

Crisp

Title: Crisp

Pronunciation: /krɪsp/

Part of speech: adjective/verb

Definition: (of food) firm, dry, and brittle; (of the air) cool, fresh, and invigorating; make (something, typically food) firm, dry, and brittle

Countable or uncountable: countable (when referring to specific items)

Transitive or intransitive: transitive

Stress marks: krɪsp (adjective), krɪsp (verb)

Synonym: crunchy

Opposite: soggy

 

Example

The crisp autumn air made for a refreshing walk

Example

Curb

Title: Curb

Pronunciation: /kɜrb/

Part of speech: noun/verb

Countable or uncountable: countable (when referring to specific edges)

Transitive or intransitive: transitive

Stress marks: kɜrb (noun), kɜrb (verb)

Synonym: limit

Opposite: unleash

 

A stone or concrete edging to a street or path; restrain or keep in check

The city installed curbs along the sidewalks for safety

A stone or concrete edging to a street or path; restrain or keep in check

Embarrass

Title: Embarrass

Pronunciation: /ɪmˈbærəs/

Part of speech: verb

Definition: cause (someone) to feel awkward, self-conscious, or ashamed; make (someone) feel embarrassed

Countable or uncountable: countable (when referring to specific instances)

Transitive or intransitive: transitive

Stress marks: ɪmˈbærəs

Synonym: humiliate

Opposite: proud

 

Example

I was embarrassed when I tripped and fell in front of everyone

Example

Infectious

Title: Infectious

Pronunciation: /ɪnˈfɛkʃəs/

Part of speech: adjective

Definition: likely to spread or influence others in a rapid manner; caused by or capable of being transmitted by infection

Countable or uncountable: countable (when referring to specific cases)

Transitive or intransitive: intransitive

Stress marks: ɪnˈfɛkʃəs

Synonym: contagious

Opposite: noncontagious

 

Example

Her infectious laughter brightened everyone’s mood

Example

Retain

Title: Retain

Pronunciation: /rɪˈteɪn/

Part of speech: verb

Definition: continue to have (something); keep possession of; absorb and continue to hold (a substance)

Countable or uncountable: countable (when referring to specific items)

Transitive or intransitive: transitive

Stress marks: rɪˈteɪn

Synonym: keep

Opposite: release

Example

She was able to retain the information for the exam

Example