Weather

Lesson 14

Hailstorm

Title: Hailstorm

     Pronunciation:/ˈheɪl.stɔːm/     

     Part of speech:noun     

     Irregular spelling and irregular forms:none     

     Formal ir informal:both     

     Countble ir uncountble :uncountable     

     Transitve ir intrnsitve :intransitive     

     Stress mrks:(noun) HEYL-stawrm     

     Synonym:hail shower, ice storm     

     Opposite:sunny weather

 

a storm with small balls or lumps of ice falling as precipitation

The hailstorm damaged crops and vehicles

a storm with small balls or lumps of ice falling as precipitation

Icy

Title: Icy

     Pronunciation:/ˈaɪ.si/     

     Part of speech:noun/adjective     

     Irregular spelling and irregular forms:none     

     Formal ir informal:both    

     Countble ir uncountble :(noun) countable;(adjective) countable     

     Transitve ir intrnsitve :(noun) intransitive;(adjective) intransitive     

     Stress mrks:(noun) AHY-si; (adjective) AHY-si     

     Synonym(noun):frosty, frozen; (adjective):chilly, freezing     

     Opposite(noun):melted ice; (adjective):warm

 

covered with ice

(noun):The road was treacherous due to icy conditions

covered with ice

made of, containing, or resembling ice; very cold

(adjective):The icy wind cut through their clothing

made of, containing, or resembling ice; very cold

Forecast

Title: Forecast

     Pronunciation:/ˈfɔː.kɑːst/     

     Part of speech:noun/verb     

     Irregular spelling and irregular forms:none     

     Formal ir informal:both     

     Countble ir uncountble :(noun) countable;(verb) countable     

     Transitve ir intrnsitve :(noun) transitive;(verb) transitive     

     Stress mrks:(noun) FOHR-kahst; (verb) fawr-KAST     

     Synonym(noun):prediction, outlook; (verb):predict, anticipate     

     Opposite(noun):actual conditions; (verb):retrospect

 

a prediction or estimate of future events, especially weather conditions

(noun):The weather forecast called for rain all week

a prediction or estimate of future events, especially weather conditions

predict a future event or trend

(verb):Experts forecast an increase in sales for the coming year

predict a future event or trend

To set

Title: To set

    Pronunciation:/tuː sɛt/    

    Part of speech:noun    

    Irregular spelling and irregular forms:none    

    Formal ir informal:both    

    Countble ir uncountble :uncountable    

    Transitve ir intrnsitve :intransitive    

    Stress mrks:(verb) set    

    Synonym :descend, sink    

    Opposite :rise

 

(of the sun, moon, or another celestial body) to appear to move below the horizon

The sun set over the horizon

(of the sun, moon, or another celestial body) to appear to move below the horizon

To rise

Title: To rise

    Pronunciation:/tuː raɪz/    

    Part of speech:noun    

    Irregular spelling and irregular forms:none    

    Formal ir informal:both    

    Countble ir uncountble :uncountable    

    Transitve ir intrnsitve :intransitive    

    Stress mrks:(verb) raiz    

    Synonym :ascend, go up    

    Opposite :set

 

(of the sun, moon, or another celestial body) to appear to move above the horizon

The moon rose above the mountains

(of the sun, moon, or another celestial body) to appear to move above the horizon

Sandstorm

Title: Sandstorm

    Pronunciation:/ˈsænd.stɔːm/    

    Part of speech:noun    

    Irregular spelling and irregular forms:none    

    Formal ir informal:both    

    Countble ir uncountble :uncountable    

    Transitve ir intrnsitve :intransitive    

    Stress mrks:(noun) SAND-stawrm    

    Synonym :dust storm, sand haze    

    Opposite :clear skies

a windstorm that carries clouds of sand over a large area

The sandstorm reduced visibility to almost zero

a windstorm that carries clouds of sand over a large area

Windstorm

Title: Windstorm

    Pronunciation:/ˈwɪnd.stɔːm/    

    Part of speech:noun    

    Irregular spelling and irregular forms:none    

    Formal ir informal:both    

    Countble ir uncountble :uncountable    

    Transitve ir intrnsitve :intransitive    

    Stress mrks:(noun) WIND-stawrm    

    Synonym :gale, tempest    

    Opposite :calm weather

a storm with strong winds

The windstorm caused damage to buildings and trees

a storm with strong winds

Sunrise

Title: Sunrise

Pronunciation: /ˈsʌn.raɪz/

Part of speech: noun

Irregular spelling and irregular forms: none

Formal or informal: formal

 

Countable or uncountable: uncountable

Transitive or intransitive: intransitive

Stress marks: SUHN-rahyz

Synonym: daybreak, dawn

Opposite: sunset

the time in the morning when the sun appears above the horizon

The sunrise over the mountains was breathtaking

the time in the morning when the sun appears above the horizon

sunset

Title: sunset

Pronunciation: /ˈsʌn.set/

Part of speech: noun

Irregular spelling and irregular forms: none

Formal or informal: formal

Countable or uncountable: uncountable

Transitive or intransitive: intransitive

Stress marks: SUHN-set

Synonym: nightfall, dusk

Opposite: sunrise

the time in the evening when the sun disappears below the horizon

The sunset painted the sky with vibrant colors

the time in the evening when the sun disappears below the horizon

Sunshine

Title: Sunshine

Pronunciation: /ˈsʌn.ʃaɪn/

Part of speech: noun

Irregular spelling and irregular forms: none

Formal or informal: both

Countable or uncountable: uncountable

 

Transitive or intransitive: intransitive

Stress marks: SUHN-shahyn

Synonym: sunlight, sunshine

Opposite: shade

direct sunlight unobscured by clouds

The sunshine warmed their faces as they walked along the beach

direct sunlight unobscured by clouds

Shade

Title: Shade

Pronunciation: /ʃeɪd/

Part of speech: noun

Irregular spelling and irregular forms: none

Formal or informal: both

Countable or uncountable: uncountable

Transitive or intransitive: intransitive

Stress marks: shayd

Synonym: shadow, shelter

Opposite: sunshine

 

comparative darkness and coolness caused by shelter from direct sunlight

They sat in the shade of the tree to escape the heat

comparative darkness and coolness caused by shelter from direct sunlight

Thunder

Title: Thunder

Pronunciation: /ˈθʌn.dər/

Part of speech: noun

Irregular spelling and irregular forms: none

Formal or informal: formal

Countable or uncountable: uncountable

Transitive or intransitive: intransitive

Stress marks: THUHN-duhr

Synonym: thunderclap, rumble

Opposite: silence

 

 

a loud rumbling or crashing noise heard after a lightning flash due to the expansion

The thunderstorm rumbled in the distance

a loud rumbling or crashing noise heard after a lightning flash due to the expansion

Lightning

Title: Lightning

Pronunciation: /ˈlaɪt.nɪŋ/

Part of speech: noun

Irregular spelling and irregular forms: none

Formal or informal: formal

Countable or uncountable: uncountable

Transitive or intransitive: intransitive

Stress marks: LAYT-nihng

Synonym: thunderbolt, flash

Opposite: darkness

 

a sudden flash of light occurring during a thunderstorm, caused by atmospheric electricity discharge

The lightning illuminated the night sky

a sudden flash of light occurring during a thunderstorm, caused by atmospheric electricity discharge

Rainfall

Title: Rainfall

Pronunciation: /ˈreɪn.fɔːl/

Part of speech: noun

Irregular spelling and irregular forms: none

Formal or informal: formal

Countable or uncountable: uncountable

Transitive or intransitive: intransitive

Stress marks: RAYN-fawl

Synonym: precipitation, rain showers

Opposite: drought

 

the amount of rain that falls within a specific period and area

The region experienced heavy rainfall last month

the amount of rain that falls within a specific period and area

Snowfall

Title: Snowfall

Pronunciation:/ˈsnəʊ.fɔːl/

Part of speech:noun 

Irregular spelling and irregular forms:none 

Formal ir informal:both 

Countble ir uncountble :uncountable 

Transitve ir intrnsitve :intransitive 

Stress mrks:SNOH-fawl 

Synonym :snowstorm, blizzard 

Opposite :melt, thaw

a fall of snow

The snowfall blanketed the town in white

a fall of snow

Rainstorm

Title: Rainstorm

Pronunciation:/ˈreɪn.stɔːm/ 

Part of speech:noun  

Irregular spelling and irregular forms:none 

Formal ir informal:both 

Countble ir uncountble :uncountable 

Transitve ir intrnsitve :intransitive 

Stress mrks:(noun) RAYN-stawrm 

Synonym :downpour, deluge

Opposite :clear skies, dry weather

 

 

a storm with heavy rain

The rainstorm caused flooding in low-lying areas

a storm with heavy rain

Rainsrop

Title: Rainsrop

Pronunciation:/ˈreɪn.drɒp/ 

Part of speech:noun  

Irregular spelling and irregular forms:none 

Formal ir informal:both 

Countble ir uncountble :countable 

Transitve ir intrnsitve :intransitive 

Stress mrks:(noun) RAYN-drop 

Synonym :rain bead, droplet 

Opposite :dryness, aridness

 

a single drop of rain

The raindrop glistened on the leaf

a single drop of rain

Snowflake

Title: Snowflake

 

Pronunciation:/ˈsnəʊ.fleɪk/ 

Part of speech:noun  

Irregular spelling and irregular forms:none 

Formal ir informal:both 

Countble ir uncountble :countable 

Transitve ir intrnsitve :intransitive 

Stress mrks:SNOH-fleyk 

Synonym :ice crystal, snow particle 

Opposite :melt, thaw

 

 

a flake of snow, especially a feathery ice crystal, typically displaying delicate sixfold symmetry

The children caught snowflakes on their tongues

a flake of snow, especially a feathery ice crystal, typically displaying delicate sixfold symmetry

Humid

Title: Humid

Pronunciation:/ˈhjuːmɪd/   

Part of speech:noun   

Irregular spelling and irregular forms:none   

Formal ir informal:both   

Countble ir uncountble :uncountable   

Transitve ir intrnsitve :intransitive   

Stress mrks:HUE-mid   

Synonym :moist, damp   

Opposite :dry, arid

 

 

having a high level of moisture in the air

The humid climate made it feel hotter than it was

having a high level of moisture in the air

Frozen

Title: Frozen

 

Pronunciation:/ˈfrəʊz(ə)n/   

Part of speech:noun   

Irregular spelling and irregular forms:none   

Formal ir informal:both   

Countble ir uncountble :uncountable   

Transitve ir intrnsitve :intransitive   

Stress mrks:FROH-zuhn   

Synonym :icy, frosty   

Opposite :thawed, unfrozen

 

 

 

(of a liquid) turned into ice or another solid as a result of extreme cold

The lake was frozen solid in the winter

(of a liquid) turned into ice or another solid as a result of extreme cold

Heat wave

Title: Heat wave

 

Pronunciation:/hiːt weɪv/   

Part of speech:noun   

Irregular spelling and irregular forms:none   

Formal ir informal:both   

Countble ir uncountble :uncountable   

Transitve ir intrnsitve :intransitive   

Stress mrks:(noun) heet wayv   

Synonym :hot spell, heatwave   

Opposite :cold snap

 

 

 

a prolonged period of excessively hot weather

The heat wave led to record-breaking temperatures

a prolonged period of excessively hot weather

Calm

Title: Calm

     Pronunciation:/kɑːm/     

     Part of speech:noun/adjective     

     Irregular spelling and irregular forms:none     

     Formal ir informal:both     

     Countble ir uncountble :(noun) countable;(adjective) countable     

     Transitve ir intrnsitve :(noun) intransitive;(adjective) intransitive     

     Stress mrks:(noun) kahm     

     Synonym(noun):peace, tranquility     

     Opposite(noun):turmoil; (adjective):agitated

a peaceful state without agitation or disturbance

(noun):The calm of the ocean was soothing.

a peaceful state without agitation or disturbance

not showing or feeling nervousness, anger, or other strong emotions

(adjective):She remained calm despite the chaos around her

not showing or feeling nervousness, anger, or other strong emotions